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Sukanta Bhattacharya: Young Poet With a Matured Hand in Bengali Literature
With the name of poet Sukanta Bhattacharya the first thing that comes to my mind is “Ranar”, the famous poem. I read it first in my class five Bengali textbook. The poem was later sung as a song by Hemanta Mukhopaddhay.
Shukanta was born in Calcutta in 1926. By the time he grew up Second World War was going on and the heat of the war was also felt in the British ruled Bengal. It was a crucial time in the history of Bengal. The anti-British movement continued and also the economy of Bengal was in a very bad state which resulted in a man-made famine in 1943. Sukanto was born, observed and presented the problems of society and suffering of people of that time. Sukanta during his school life became involved in a left-wing political movement. He was deeply influenced by Marxist thoughts and ideals.
In his poems he described the contemporary social problems such as hunger, war, suffering of the poor especially farmers and day laborers. During the famine of 1943 he became a relief worker for the farmers who came to Calcutta. He also worked with jute mill trade organizations. Sukanta died of tuberculosis when he was only twenty-one years old. Within such a short time he wrote many poets and plays. Some of his works are Chhadpatra (1947), Purbabhas (1950), Mithekada (1951), Abhiyan (1953), Ghum Nei (1954), Hartal (1962), Gitiguchchha (1965).
In my writing I want to talk about two of his famous poems and they are also my favorites. The first is “Chhadpatra”, a poem where the poet talks about a baby that has just given birth and announces its arrival through crying. The poet says that the baby came to this world and now we have to make room for this baby. The poet says that sometimes the baby cries, sometimes laughs and makes noise but no one understands it. The people get angry but the poet understands his language. It is the hope of a new world, a new place. The people will die and this newborn baby will take their place and in this way the cycle of human life will move forward. Here the poet actually refers to the contemporary condition of his time war, piece, hunger and instability in life. The poet did not lose his faith in man. He hopes that the next generation will learn from the mistakes of their elders and try to make the world a better place. The newborn baby is that sign of hope.
Another poem is “Ranar”. It is the story of a simple postman or Daak Harkara. In those days the communication system was not very developed. The function of the postman is to move letters and money orders and other important messages from one post office to another post office. This was very tiring work and risky as well. The postman has to walk a long distance and work at night. There are dacoits and robbers lurking along the way. Ranar is the kind of postman who risks his life every day to carry important letters and money for people. Ranar is a very poor person. He carries a letter for every body, but there is no body that wants to know about him. He lives from hand to mouth. Ranar here is the representative of the working class. The poet here presents the suffering of those poor people who go unrecognized but whose hard work contributes to human society.
Both of these poems are very neat and well written. They are charged with very emotional words. Both poems focus on the same theme a new dawn of human society a ray of hope. The hope of a new world where people will not oppress or destroy each other. It will be a world free of war, disease and hunger. The newborn child, and Ranar is the messenger of that new world.
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